manus-skills/.kortix/opencode/skills/data/chdb-sql/references/table-functions.md

ClickHouse Table Functions for chdb

Table functions let you query external data sources directly in SQL. Use them with chdb.query() or inside a Session.

Table of Contents

• File Sources
• Cloud Storage
• Databases
• Data Lakes
• Utility Functions

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File Sources

file()

Query local files. Format is auto-detected from extension or specified explicitly.

SELECT * FROM file('data.parquet', Parquet)
SELECT * FROM file('data.csv', CSVWithNames)
SELECT * FROM file('events.jsonl', JSONEachRow)
SELECT * FROM file('logs/*.parquet', Parquet)              -- glob pattern
SELECT * FROM file('data/2024-*/events.csv', CSVWithNames) -- nested glob

Parameters: file(path [, format [, structure [, compression]]])

Supported formats: Parquet, CSVWithNames, CSV, TSVWithNames, JSONEachRow, JSON, Arrow, ORC, Avro, XMLWithNames.

Supported compression: auto-detected from extension (.gz, .zst, .bz2, .xz, .lz4).

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Cloud Storage

s3()

-- Public (no auth)
SELECT * FROM s3('s3://bucket/path.parquet', NOSIGN)

-- With credentials
SELECT * FROM s3('s3://bucket/path.parquet', 'ACCESS_KEY', 'SECRET_KEY', 'Parquet')

-- Glob pattern
SELECT * FROM s3('s3://bucket/logs/2024-*.parquet', 'KEY', 'SECRET', 'Parquet')

Parameters: s3(url [, NOSIGN | access_key, secret_key] [, format [, structure [, compression]]])

gcs()

SELECT * FROM gcs('gs://bucket/data.parquet', NOSIGN)
SELECT * FROM gcs('gs://bucket/data.parquet', 'HMAC_KEY', 'HMAC_SECRET', 'Parquet')

Parameters: Same as s3().

azureBlobStorage()

SELECT * FROM azureBlobStorage(
    'DefaultEndpointsProtocol=https;AccountName=...;AccountKey=...',
    'container', 'path/data.parquet', 'Parquet')

Parameters: azureBlobStorage(connection_string, container, path [, format [, structure [, compression]]])

hdfs()

SELECT * FROM hdfs('hdfs://namenode:9000/warehouse/data.parquet', 'Parquet')
SELECT * FROM hdfs('hdfs://namenode:9000/logs/*.parquet', 'Parquet')

Parameters: hdfs(uri [, format [, structure [, compression]]])

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Databases

mysql()

SELECT * FROM mysql('host:3306', 'database', 'table', 'user', 'password')

-- With WHERE pushdown
SELECT * FROM mysql('db:3306', 'shop', 'orders', 'root', 'pass')
WHERE status = 'shipped' AND amount > 100

Parameters: mysql(host:port, database, table, user, password)

Note: Port is part of the host string (e.g., 'db:3306'), not a separate parameter.

postgresql()

SELECT * FROM postgresql('host:5432', 'database', 'table', 'user', 'password')

SELECT * FROM postgresql('pg:5432', 'analytics', 'events', 'analyst', 'pass')
ORDER BY created_at DESC LIMIT 100

Parameters: postgresql(host:port, database, table, user, password)

remote() / remoteSecure()

Query a remote ClickHouse server:

SELECT * FROM remote('host:9000', 'database', 'table', 'user', 'password')
SELECT * FROM remoteSecure('host:9440', 'database', 'table', 'user', 'password')

Parameters: remote(host:port, database, table [, user [, password]])

mongodb()

SELECT * FROM mongodb('host:27017', 'database', 'collection', 'user', 'password')

Parameters: mongodb(host:port, database, collection, user, password)

sqlite()

SELECT * FROM sqlite('/path/to/database.db', 'table_name')

Parameters: sqlite(database_path, table)

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Data Lakes

iceberg()

SELECT * FROM iceberg('s3://bucket/iceberg/table', 'ACCESS_KEY', 'SECRET_KEY')
SELECT * FROM iceberg('s3://bucket/iceberg/table', NOSIGN)

Parameters: iceberg(url [, NOSIGN | access_key, secret_key] [, format])

deltaLake()

SELECT * FROM deltaLake('s3://bucket/delta/table', 'ACCESS_KEY', 'SECRET_KEY')
SELECT * FROM deltaLake('s3://bucket/delta/table', NOSIGN)

Parameters: deltaLake(url [, NOSIGN | access_key, secret_key])

Note: Function name is deltaLake (camelCase), not deltalake.

hudi()

SELECT * FROM hudi('s3://bucket/hudi/table', 'ACCESS_KEY', 'SECRET_KEY')
SELECT * FROM hudi('s3://bucket/hudi/table', NOSIGN)

Parameters: hudi(url [, NOSIGN | access_key, secret_key])

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Utility Functions

numbers()

Generate a sequence of numbers (useful for testing and date generation):

SELECT * FROM numbers(100)              -- 0 to 99
SELECT * FROM numbers(10, 100)          -- 10 to 109
SELECT toDate('2025-01-01') + number AS date FROM numbers(365)  -- date range

Parameters: numbers([offset,] count)

Python()

Use a Python dict or DataFrame as a SQL table:

import chdb

data = {"name": ["Alice", "Bob"], "score": [95, 87]}
chdb.query("SELECT * FROM Python(data) ORDER BY score DESC")

import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame({"id": [1, 2, 3], "value": [10, 20, 30]})
chdb.query("SELECT * FROM Python(df) WHERE value > 15")

Note: The Python variable must be in scope when the query executes.

url()

Query data from an HTTP/HTTPS URL:

SELECT * FROM url('https://example.com/data.csv', CSVWithNames)
SELECT * FROM url('https://api.example.com/data.json', JSONEachRow)

Parameters: url(url, format [, structure])